
ma smjesno mi to sve zvuci.. iako ajd.. bez ovakvih stvari nema naglog razvoja, odnosno primjene, a ja ipak tu struju vidim kao pozitivno pa neka..
Moderatori/ce: F1NAC,Zweki,Scuderia,Cuky,47,gringo73
ma najbolje neka ukinu sigurnosni pojasArmanini je napisao/la:taktiziranje ce bit opako.. pobjedjivat ce bolid koji ima najlaksi i nabrzi sistem pojasa, i vozac koji ima najbrze noge
ma smjesno mi to sve zvuci.. iako ajd.. bez ovakvih stvari nema naglog razvoja, odnosno primjene, a ja ipak tu struju vidim kao pozitivno pa neka..
China Racing, a ne KIna kao KIna. Momčad koja se već natjecala u ostalim kategorijama.speedy56 je napisao/la:Formula E 2014/2015 World Champion - Usain Bolt![]()
Ta Formula E će biti u pauzama između F1 utrka?
Malo sam čitao o tome i 1 od timova je Kina, da baš Kina.
2014 engines: Heat management
This article is an extract of "A lot from a little", an article written by Ian Bamsey and published in Race Engine Technology 071. If you wish to read more, you can buy the issue at highpowermedia.com and put 'f1technical' as voucher code to benefit a 10% reduction on your purchase price.
I recall discussing the development of Group C2 engines with John Nicholson, whose company NME prepared naturally aspirated 3.3 litre Cosworth DFL V8s for a number of competing teams, with great success. Instigated in 1984, Group C2 offered only 330 litres of fuel per 1000 km, compared to 600 litres for C1. Engine management was new in those days, and a ‘fully electronic’ version of the DFL was an essential development by NME to maximise the power available within the tight fuel ration. Equally important, Nicholson emphasised, was appropriate aerodynamic development by the teams – “but some of them accept that more readily than others!”
[ http://www.f1technical.net/images/featu ... xhaust.jpg ]
Our sister publication F1 Race Technology reported in its 2013/14 issue that Force India had taken a new approach to aero development for 2012. Technical director Andrew Green remarked to me, “Basically our new concept concerned the flow structures around the car. I would say that with the 2011 car, our approach was more akin to beating the air into submission as it travelled around the car. This year [2012] we are taking the approach of doing the least amount of work to the air as possible. That’s the philosophy we adopted over the winter.”
That was nothing to do with fuel saving; as of 2012 and 2013 the emphasis is on downforce. The point is that all Formula One teams will need to rethink their aero philosophy under the radically new conditions imposed by the revolutionary 2014 formula. However, equally important will be how they integrate that with the work of their engine supplier (or ‘Power Unit supplier’ as we need to call them from now on). As we shall see, there will be a baffling number of options for operating the new-generation Power Units, each with different implications in terms of overall car aero. The 2014 Power Unit won’t be simply a bolt-in item; more than ever it will be part of a complex juggling act determining overall car performance.
At the heart of the 2014 Power Unit will be a combination of internal combustion (IC) engine and electric motor, the latter powered primarily by energy captured from the exhaust stream of the former.
That stream will power a turbine that both supercharges the engine and drives a motor/generator unit (the ‘MGU-H’), which is permitted to supply electrical energy direct (and in quantities unlimited by regulation) to an electric motor/generator unit (the ‘MGU-K’) coupled directly to the crankshaft of the IC engine.
With its maximum crankshaft speed capped at 15,000 rpm but with plenum pressure unlimited, the direct-injected 1.6 litre V6 turbo is expected to produce in the region of 600 bhp, given a mandated fuel flow limit of 100 kg/h. To that is added a stipulation of 100 kg maximum per race. With races typically being 305 km then, going back to our Group C example, that amounts to 328 kg, or about 460 litres per 1000 km. Group C1 engines produced in the region of 750 bhp; pro rata that is 575 bhp given 460 rather than 600 litres per 1000 km. A quarter of a century on, we would indeed expect these new engines to be a little more efficient.
To the IC output the MGU-K will add (by regulation) a maximum of 161 bhp (120 kW). Its ability to create what is in effect (for the sake of argument) a 761 bhp engine will be limited by the amount of energy the MGU-H can harvest, supplemented by the amount of energy the MGU-K can itself harvest by acting as a generator under braking. That recovered kinetic energy, up to a maximum permitted 2 MJ per lap, will primarily be stored in an energy store (ES), which will normally be a lithium ion battery. Alternatively it can be fed to the MGU-H as a means of driving the compressor.
As the diagram below shows, energy harvested by the MGU-H can be fed either directly to the MGU-K or to the ES, which by regulation can release a maximum of 4 MJ per lap to the MGU-K. Clearly there are a number of potential energy flows, and on top of that there are various ways in which the IC engine can be operated, all with different implications in terms of heat rejection and thus impacting heavily on car aero. Ultimately it is all about the car package, and that is where a tight relationship between Power Unit supplier and team will pay dividends.
[ http://www.f1technical.net/images/featu ... schema.jpg ]
As to the overall performance of the Power Unit itself, that will depend a lot on the ability of the system to exploit the potential of the MGU-H, without in turn excessively degrading the output of the IC engine. This hybrid system will be most effective if there is enough energy released through the MGU-K for it not only to top up the IC output to the maximum permitted level but to supplement it to the extent that the IC can be run (as far as possible) within its optimum efficiency band. From what we have gleaned so far, that seems over-optimistic, but at the same time it would appear that there is the potential to run as an effective 761 bhp engine around most of today’s circuits.
But don’t take my word for it. I travelled to Brixworth and Viry Chatillon to talk to engineers developing these new-generation Power Units. On the following pages you will find out what Andy Cowell of Mercedes, and Axel Plasse and Rob White of Renault have to say.
Key points of the 2014 Power Unit and related regulations
• 1600 cc four-stroke V6 with a 90º bank angle and
three con rod journals
• 80 mm bore
• Four valves (minimum stem size 5 mm) per cylinder
• No variable valve timing
• No variable intake trumpets until 2015
• Many revised restrictions on component materials
• Direct injection with maximum operating pressure of
500 bar. Single injector per cylinder
• Single conventional spark plug and single coil per cylinder
• The exhaust may not exit within the vee
• Maximum of two tailpipes with various restrictions on location of exit(s)
• Maximum 15,000 rpm. No limit on manifold pressure
• Sole single-stage turbine and sole single-stage compressor linked by a shaft parallel to the crankshaft axis and within 25 mm of the car’s centreline. No variable turbo-supercharger geometry
• Exhaust gas recirculation now permitted
• Electric motor/generator MGU-H must be mechanically linked to the exhaust turbine, and must run at a fixed speed ratio relative to it; may be clutched. Maximum 125,000 rpm. No limit on its power
• Electric motor/generator MGU-K linked to crankshaft; must run at fixed speed ratio relative to it. Maximum 50,000 rpm. Maximum torque 200 Nm. Maximum power 120 kW (161 bhp)
• Electrical energy store (ES) must be located within the survival cell and must weigh between 20 and 25 kg
• Fuel regulations unchanged
• Standard ECU as today with some scope for control software development
• Fuel flow meter to ensure conformity to maximum flow rates as per accompanying illustration
• Crankshaft must be on the car centreline, 90 mm above the reference plane
• Minimum weight of power unit, 145 kg
• Centre of gravity of engine must lie at least 200 mm above the reference plane
• Standardised engine mountings
• Maximum of five engines per driver for the 2014 season; four for 2015
Talking to Andy Cowell
Designer of naturally aspirated (Cosworth) V10 and (Mercedes) V8 Formula One engines, Andy Cowell is now managing director of Brixworth, England-based Mercedes AMG High Performance Powertrain (HPP) as it prepares its new-generation V6 turbo with integrated energy recovery system. In May I travelled to Brixworth to discuss the 2014 Power Unit with him.
Cowell starts our conversation by remarking, “The fact that there is a maximum quantity of 100 kg of fuel for the race distance – and that’s specified from red lights out at the start of the race to seeing the chequered flag – means we need a 30% improvement in efficiency to obtain the same power output. That’s fundamentally changing the thinking around the engine.
“What will matter in 2014 is the conversion efficiency in the combustion chamber and the reduction in mechanical friction, and then downstream of the IC engine process, the ability not to have [all the] waste energy going down the exhaust system but to harvest as much of that as possible with the single turbine that’s permitted in the regulations. That’s going to be a key aspect – not only the turbocharging but also the electric machine coupled to the turbine.”
Cowell points out that regulation revisions introduced in December 2012 limit the turbocharger to a maximum speed of 125,000 rpm. He is part of the Working Group advising the FIA on the regulations. “As we’ve gone along, what we’ve tried to do is put regulations in to stop us exploring some quirky opportunities,” he says.
“There are reasonably healthy debates, but the fundamental thing is that we all want rules that make us develop new technology applicable to roadcars. We don’t want to come up with something that is just F1-quirky. Whether we’ll manage that or not, we’ll see. “We’ll have a 160 hp [120 kW] electric motor [the MGU-K], which is challenging, and a motor/generator unit [the MGU-H] connected to the turbocharger, which is challenging as well. But interesting technology.”
Images by Renault Sport F1 / Race Engine Technology
Pirelli reveals F1 tyre compounds for Korea, Japan and India
Pirelli has announced its tyre choices for the races in Korea, Japan and India.
The Italian manufacturer will take the supersoft and medium tyres to Korea, emulating the choice to be used this weekend in Singapore.
Last year, the selection for Korea was soft and supersoft.
For Japan, Pirelli has chosen the medium and hard compounds, the latter replacing the soft tyres used in last year's event.
The soft and medium compounds will be used in the Indian Grand Prix. Pirelli chose the soft and hard tyres for the 2012 Buddh race.http://www.autosport.com/news/report.php/id/109928" onclick="window.open(this.href);return false;
IZVORNew Jersey, Austria, Russia, Mexico added to 2014 calendar
Formula One racing’s governing body, the FIA, has published the calendar for the 2014 world championship following a meeting of its World Motor Sport Council in Croatia on Friday. It features four additions to the 2013 schedule - New Jersey, Austria, Russia and Mexico - with three Grands Prix - Korea, New Jersey and Mexico - listed as provisional.
The New Jersey round will be the second of three races on consecutive weekends, sandwiched between Monaco in late May and Canada in early June. It will take place on a temporary street circuit along the Hudson River in Weehawken and West New York, with the New York City skyline as its backdrop.
The Austrian round in late June will be staged at Spielberg’s Red Bull Ring, formerly known as the A1-Ring, which previously hosted the race between 1997 and 2003. The venue began life as the Osterreichring, home to the Austrian Grand Prix for 18 consecutive years from its inception in 1970.
An all-new circuit in Sochi, home to the 2014 Winter Olympic Games, will be the site of the inaugural Russian Grand Prix at the start of October. At 5.9 kilometres, the Sochi Olympic Park Circuit will be longer than all but two tracks on the current F1 calendar (Spa-Francorchamps in Belgium and Silverstone in Great Britain).
November will see the return of Mexico to the F1 calendar, at the same venue which staged the country’s last Grand Prix in 1992 - Mexico City’s Autodromo Hermanos Rodriguez.
The 2014 calendar in full:
16/03 Australia
30/03 Malaysia
06/04 Bahrain
20/04 China
27/04 Korea (provisional)
11/05 Spain
25/05 Monaco
01/06 America, New Jersey (provisional*)
08/06 Canada
22/06 Austria
06/07 Britain
20/07 Germany
27/07 Hungary
24/08 Belgium
07/09 Italy
21/09 Singapore
05/10 Russia
12/10 Japan
26/10 Abu Dhabi
09/11 USA, Austin
16/11 Mexico (provisional*)
30/11 Brazil
* subject to circuit approval
gamad, kad vettel i Rb njurgaju onda se mjenjaju gume a kad recimo Alonso nesto kaze protiv ovako odgovore... Koja gamadFernando attacked Pirelli for tyres and Paul from Pirelli sailys Fernando needs to ask Soon to be 4 time WDC how to work with these tyres.
Prava gamad su mediji koji su samo polovicu Alonsove izjave prenjeliF1NAC je napisao/la:zanimljivo
gamad, kad vettel i Rb njurgaju onda se mjenjaju gume a kad recimo Alonso nesto kaze protiv ovako odgovore... Koja gamadFernando attacked Pirelli for tyres and Paul from Pirelli sailys Fernando needs to ask Soon to be 4 time WDC how to work with these tyres.
IZVORPirelli blames flat spot for blown tyre
Red Bull driver Sebastian Vettel has taken his third win in a row to extend his championship lead at the Korean Grand Prix. Sergio Perez however drew much attention as his front right tyre delaminated on the straight.
All the drivers started on the P Zero Red supersoft tyre, with the exception of Toro Rosso’s Daniel Ricciardo, who started the race on the P Zero White medium. After some spots of rain during the morning, conditions remained dry in Korea throughout the afternoon, with the race starting in ambient temperatures of 27 degrees centigrade and track temperatures of 29 degrees.
Pirelli’s motorsport director Paul Hembery said: “With the medium compound proving to be the ideal race tyre, most drivers aimed to get onto it as soon as possible, with teams reacting from the start of the race to the strategies that had been put in place by their immediate rivals. We had a tyre choice that may have been aggressive, with the supersoft being a perfect qualifying tyre and the medium optimal for the race, but this was in accordance with the requests of many of the teams.
"Regarding Sergio Perez’s front-right tyre issue we have been able to determine very quickly that it was the result of a flat spot caused by a lock-up under heavy braking. We’re obviously on exactly the same construction as we raced here last year, so there’s no underlying problem, while flat spots or punctures have just always been an integral part of racing. The two safety car periods had an important effect on the race strategy, which meant that all the finishers apart from Jenson Button completed the race with just two stops. Without safety cars, we probably would have seen more people stopping three times, but it was always going to be within the two to three stop window, which has been our target since we came into Formula One.”
Osobno - ovo mi je bezveze. Pitlane u Interlagosu mi je jedan od najboljih, ako ne i najbolji su sezoni, kao i Sennin S kao prvi zavoj. Ok, 4. zavoj također nebi bio loš za akciju u prvome krugu, ali ne razumijem što bi dobili s time osim što će potrošiti brdo love i napraviti neku ultra vrijednu glupost na koju će doči recimo MotoGP i koristiti stari. (kao u SIlverstoneu).The Brazilian Grand Prix will continue to be staged at Interlagos until at least 2020, after race officials and Formula 1 supremo Bernie Ecclestone penned a new contract.
The previous deal, signed back in 2008, was due to run out next season, but São Paulo mayor Fernando Haddad has worked to secure an extension of five years.
Considerable track rennovations are a key part of the agreement, with a new pit and paddock complex to be constructed between Turns 3 and 4. Work on this area of the circuit is expected to get underway soon after next year's event in time for 2015.
"I am very pleased that the mayor agreed to the investments that we asked for many years ago," Ecclestone is quoted as saying by Brazil's Globo Esporte. "If this had not happened, we would have considered not having the race here. We are very happy."
Interlagos hosted its first Grand Prix in 1972 and, following spells at Jacarepaguá, it has been a permanent fixture on the Formula 1 calendar since the 1990 season.
Ne sviđa mi se baš ovo u rušenju.Brazilsko ministarstvo turizma financira radove, čiji je trošak 60 milijuna funti, odnosno 90 milijuna američkih dolara. Iako je grad u financijskim problema, cijena radova je opravdana profitom od samo jedne utrke, koji iznosi 66 milijuna funti.Trenutna zgrada bokseva bit će srušena kad se izgradi novi kompleks koji uključuje 40 garaža, VIP hospitality, novo postolje te centre kontrole utrke i medija.
Startno-ciljni pravac će također biti premješten između današnjih zavoja tri i četiri. Staza će zahtijevati čak i produljenje i proširenje. Pravac će se produžiti prije četvrtog zavoja, obići jezero i vratiti se na staru stazu kod trenutnog petog zavoja.
RIP MariaEx-Marussia reserve María de Villota has been found dead in a hotel room in Seville. The Spaniard, who suffered a serious testing crash last year, was 33.![]()
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A statement published on de Villota's Facebook page on Friday, signed by her family, explained: "Dear friends: Maria has left us. She had to go to heaven like all angels.
"We are thankful to God for the extra year and a half that he left her with us."
Although de Villota lost her right eye and suffered major skull damage during the aforementioned accident, which occurred at Duxford Aerodrome, she was able to recover and returned to the Formula 1 paddock at this year's Spanish Grand Prix.
De Villota formerly contested the World Touring Car Championship (WTCC) and Superleague Formula, and was the daughter of ex-Formula 1 racer Emilio.
GPUpdate.net extends its condolences to the family and friends of María de Villota.